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How to perform a pericardiocentesis | VETgirl Veterinary CE Videos

*Note: This video has no sound, so no need to adjust your sound!*

This VETgirl video demonstrates how to perform a pericardiocentesis with a T-FAST ultrasound. Depending on the nature of the patient, light sedation may be necessary. Sterile technique and ECG monitoring is imperative. Pericardiocentesis should be performed on the right side (e.g., left lateral recumbency) to avoid puncture of the lung (via the cardiac notch). An over-the-needle catheter system (typically 16 gauge, 1.5 to 4 inches, depending on the size of the patient) can be used, with extra small side holes placed into the catheter to facilitate flow during pericardiocentesis. After the catheter is advanced and the stylet removed, extension tubing is directly attached (along with a three-way stopcock and syringe). A small amount of blood should be placed into a red top tube to look for presence of a clot (This is bad. This means you hit the heart. Slowly back out and keep calm. ). Non-clotting blood is consistent with blood present in the pericardial sac that has already undergone fibrinolysis (This is good. It means you can continue to aspirate during your pericardiocentesis).  An ultrasound can be used to assist with assessment.

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