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How to place a splint on a dog | VETgirl Veterinary Continuing Education Videos

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In this VETgirl online veterinary continuing education video, we demonstrate one way of placing a splint on a dog. This is a 7-year-old, male neutered, Boston Terrier who presented for non-weight-bearing on the left hindlimb after the owner fell on the dog while wrestling. This dog was stable on presentation and had visible malalignment of the distal hindlimb. The dog was sedated with analgesics for radiographs. Radiographs showed a complete, closed, simple long oblique fracture through the mid and distal diaphysis of the tibia, and also a complete, closed, simple transverse fracture through the distal 3rd diaphysis of the fibula. There was no evidence of underlying bone pathology.

Splints are often used to temporarily immobilize a fracture until time of surgical repair, as in this case. Some dogs will require anesthesia, but this dog remained comfortable and did not. When placing a splint, make sure the limb and toes are completely dry. You can use 1″ wide medical tape as stirrups, with 50% of the tape from the hocks to the toes, and 50% laying on a tongue depressor. This should be placed on both the medial and lateral sides. Have an assistant hold the tongue depressor while placing the splint. The foot should be in relative alignment and the limb in a normal relaxed position before splinting.

With roll cast padding, start at the toes and work your way up the limb with 50% overlap. Try to include 50% of the bone above the joint to properly immobilize the fracture below. After 2 to 3 layers of padding, place 1 layer of cling, again working from the toes upwards, taking care not to over-tighten. VETgirl uses 3M’s casting fiberglass for a custom fit. (Wear gloves, completely submerse the roll in water, let it drain, and measure the length of the limb). Lay the roll on a metal grate and fold layers of the fiberglass back and forth for added strength. Trim the edges smooth and lay the fiberglass on the lateral aspect of the limb. Cover the splint with a roll of cling to mold it to the limb. Next, start with a layer of VetWrap, secure the stirrups, and continue the VetWrap up the leg. It is very important to not overtighten the VetWrap. Make sure the toenails are still visible, which will allow you to check for excessive limb swelling. Add some adhesive bandage, such as Elasticon, at the top and bottom for added security.

Remember, splints are designed for temporary stabilization and are typically changed or removed for surgery within 2 days of placement. The toes should be monitored at least 2 to 3 times daily for swelling and should be kept dry when outside with a boot or an IV bag. Most dogs will require an E-collar. We recommend having the pet owner come in for weekly or bi-weekly visits to make sure the splint and limb look good. Overall, this dog was a great patient and did very well.

Check out our other VETgirl online veterinary continuing education videos for more great tips!

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